The Sharee'ah Is Known By Way of the Isnaad
An explanation of the fact that the Isnaads are the route by which Sharee’ah rulings are known.
Abdullaah Ibn al-Mubaarak said, ‘The Isnaad is from the religion.’ And he also said, ‘The Isnaad, in my view, is from the religion, and had it not been for the Isnaad, then anyone who wished could say whatever he wished.’
He also said, ‘The example of the one who seeks the affairs of his religion without an isnaad is like the one who tries to ascend to the roof without stairs.’
And Abu Eesaa Ahmad bin Yahyaa bin Muhammad bin Shaadhaan al-Jawharee said, ‘My grandfather narrated to me saying: ‘I asked Alee bin al-Madeenee about the isnaad of a hadeeth that I had forgotten’, so he said to me, ‘Do you know what Abu Sa’eed al-Haddaad said? He said:
The Isnaad is like the staircase. So if your foot slips from the step, you will fall. And ra’i (i.e. opinion without a hadeeth) is like pasture-land.”
Sufyaan ath-Thawree said,
‘The Isnaad is the weapon of the believer, so if he does not have it with him, with what shall he fight?’
{Tahdheeb Sharaf Ashaabul-Hadeeth of al-Khateeb al-Baghdaadee (p.65-66)}
On the Connected Isnaad Between the Seekers of Hadeeth and Allaah's Messenger (sallallaahu alayhe wa sallam)
The Prophet’s (sallallaahu alayhe wa sallam) giving tidings to his Companions of the Seekers of Hadeeth after him and the connected Isnaad between them and him.
From Thaabit Bin Qais that Allaah’s Messenger (sallallaahu alayhe wa sallam) said, ‘You will hear (from me), and then it will be heard from you, and then it will be heard from those who hear from you.’
From Ibn Abbaas who said that Allaah’s Messenger (sallallaahu alayhe wa sallam) said, ‘You will hear (from me) and it will be heard from you, and then it will be heard from those who hear from you.’
Takhreej: Lisaan ul-Meezaan of Ibn Hajar (1/3), as-Saheehah (1784), Saheeh Jaami’ us-Sagheer (2944), Saheeh Sunan Abu Dawud (3107), Mukhtasir Jaami’ Bayaan ul-Ilm (12), and Jaami’ ut-Tahseel of al-Alaa’ee (p.52).
Ishaaq bin Raahawaih said, “Every matter that is narrated via three people is an athar (narration), due to the saying of the Prophet (sallallaahu alayhe wa sallam), ‘You will hear (from me) and it will be heard from you, and then it will be heard from those who hear from you.’
Shaqee al-Asbahee said, ‘The treasures of everything will be opened up for this Ummah until the treasures of hadeeth are opened up for them.’
A Mention Of The Excellence of The Isnaad And That Allaah Has Singled Out This Ummah With It
Abu Bakr Muhammad bin Ahmad said, ‘It has reached me that Allaah has singled out this Ummah with three matters and which were not given to those before it: The Isnaad (chain of narration), the Ansaab (genealogy), the I’raab (inflection in grammar).’
Muhammad bin Haatim bin al-Mudhaffar said,
‘Verily Allaah ennobled this Ummah and diginified it and gave it preference by way of the Isnaad. And there is no one in any of the nations, past or contemporary that has Isnaad. Rather, they only have scrolls in their hands, and their learned ones have caused confusion in their books. They do not have any way of distinguishing between what has been revealed of the Tawraat and the Injeel from that which was brought by their Prophets, and between that which they have appended to their books of reports and narrations that they have received through untrustworthy people. And this Ummah writes hadeeth from a trustworthy person known in his time, famous for his truthfulness and integrity, from someone who is just like him (in trustworthiness). Then they research in the most severe manner until they come to know the best memorisers, then those after them; and those who are most precise and exact, then those after them; and those who accompanied for the longest time, those whom they narrate from, then those who spent lesser time. Then after all this, they write down ahaadeeth from at least twenty different angles (i.e. chains) such that they remove from this hadeeth all the errors and mistakes, and they exact its wording.’
[Al-Khateeb]: So this is from the greatest of the blessings of Allaah the Most High to this Ummah, we give abundant thanks to Him for this blessing and we ask Him for firmness, and success in that which brings us closer to him, and which binds us to His obedience, indeed He is al-Wali (the Protector), al-Hameed (the Praiseworthy).
Tahdheeb Sharaf Ashaabul-Hadeeth of al-Khateeb al-Baghdaadee (p.62-64)
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